On January 12, 2024, the DRDO conducted a successful flight-test of the New Generation Akash (Akash-NG) interceptor missile from the Integrated Test Range (ITR), Chandipur off the coast of Odisha at 10:30 IST. The test was the 4th known test of the Akash NG missile, which was maiden tested on January 25, 2021.
According to a Press Information Bureau (PIB) release, as part of the test, the missile engaged and destroyed a high-speed unmanned aerial target at very low altitude. The test validated the functioning of the complete weapon system consisting of the missile with indigenously developed Radio Frequency Seeker, Launcher, Multi-Function Radar and Command, Control & Communication system.
Akash NG Overview
Akash-NG is a new generation interceptor Missile developed for the Akash AD (Air Defence) System. The earlier Akash interceptor, based on the Soviet era SA-6 (NATO codename Gainful) missile, used ramjet propulsion sustainer and TVM (Track Via Missile) Seeker. A TVM seeker combines SARH (Semi Active Radar Homing) and command guidance. TVM homing is jam proof but its accuracy drops with target range.
In contrast, the Akash NG uses a dual pulse rocket motor and an active seeker. The tracking ability of an active seeker does not degrade with target range but the seeker is prone to jamming and spoofing. Ram jet or dual pulse motors provide good end game manoeuvrability.
The Akash NG was designed and developed by the DRDO and manufactured by Pune-based Electropneumatics and Hydraulics (India) Pvt Ltd (EHPL) for the Indian Air Force to facilitate interception of high manoeuvring, low RCS aerial threats.
The active seeker of the missile is being manufactured by Bharat Electronics Limited (BEL).
Akash-NG Capabilities
The missile is capable of engaging multiple targets in real time. It has an intercept range of 30 km. Active homing, besides being accurate, gives the missile end game fire and forget ability.
According to EHPL, the system operates to an elevation of 20–70° and an azimuth of 360°, and it is designed for reloading two canister missile stacks within 10 minutes.
The reaction time of the system is 10 seconds from target acquisition by the command-and-control unit when a single missile is launched.
For three missiles, the system's firing rate is 20 seconds. It takes the missile system 20 minutes to transition from transportation mode to ready-to-fire state and vice versa.
Akash missile
© AP Photo / Aijaz Rahi
Past Tests
The maiden test of the missile on January 25, 2021 used an electronic target and validated the ability of the missile to engage a hard manoeuvring target.
The missile was tested for the second time on July 21, 2021, once again without its active seeker against an electronic target.
In a follow-up test on July 25, 2021 the missile fitted with an active seer successfully intercepted a high-speed unmanned aerial target.
The test validated the functioning of the complete weapon system consisting of the RF Seeker, Launcher, Multi-Function Radar and Command, Control & Communication system.
Test on January 12
On January 12, the missile was tested using a different configuration TEL (Transporter, Erector & Launcher).
It's likely that DRDO decision to revert to the use of a trailer is a minor setback as it will adversely affect the mobility of the system and may increase the time taken to transition to ready to fire mode. It could also complicate air transportation.
Conclusion
The MoD press release on the January 12 test stated that the success of the flight test has paved the way for user trials.
Proliferation of relatively inexpensive drones that need to be destroyed using much more expensive AD missiles has emphasised the need for a nation to locally produce AD missiles at low cost and in large numbers. As such, the integration of the Akash-NG interceptor into the Akash AD system will address a big concern of our Armed Forces and comes at the right time.