"Given the intricate nature of these border disputes, it is essential for both sides to take a gradual approach towards sustainable solutions," Singh said. "This should begin with de-escalation efforts and the establishment of a shared understanding regarding the patrolling of the Line of Actual Control."
"It is both a strategic move and a necessity as India does not want a third party to intervene in its dispute with China," Arpi said. "India needs to find an understanding directly with China."
But "unlike those situations where diplomatic channels have often been closed, India and China have kept diplomatic channels open, notably, their bilateral trade has seen significant growth during the past four years of tension," Singh highlighted.
"During the past four years, India has been developing its own infrastructure on the borders, whether in Ladakh, Arunachal Pradesh or Uttarakhand: New roads, airports [in Nyoma], villages close to the border are a matter of deterrence," Arpi said. "It was witnessed in the border clash which took place in Yangtse area in the Tawang region in December 2022."
"The initial signals from both sides discussing the 'lessons learned' over the past four years are encouraging and suggest that they are moving in a positive direction," Singh said.