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What are India's Top Security Priorities?

© AP Photo / Channi AnandAn Indian army soldier controls a drone during a mock drill along the Line of Control or LOC between India and Pakistan during a media tour arranged by the Indian army in Jammu and Kashmir's Poonch sector, India, Saturday, Aug.12, 2023. (AP Photo/Channi Anand)
An Indian army soldier controls a drone during a mock drill along the Line of Control or LOC between India and Pakistan during a media tour arranged by the Indian army in Jammu and Kashmir's Poonch sector, India, Saturday, Aug.12, 2023. (AP Photo/Channi Anand) - Sputnik India, 1920, 02.02.2024
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According to the Indian defence ministry, nearly $74.7 billion have been earmarked for defence in 2024-25, which is 4.7 percent more than the outlay last year.
Ensuring adequate combat preparedness in view of the "external security environment" in the immediate neighbourhood is India's top priority as reflected in the interim defence budget announced by Union Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman on Thursday.
Around 27.6 percent of the defence budget has been allocated for capital acquisition, which includes $2.84 billion for the Defence, Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) to encourage domestic research and manufacturing of advanced weapons systems.

New Delhi has said that the allocation of around $11 billion for "sustenance and operational commitment" of the armed forces is almost 48 percent higher than the sum earmarked in last year's budget.

India's Focuses on Combat Readiness in Budget Allocation, Army Veteran

Lieutenant Colonel JS Sodhi, an Army veteran and a geopolitical expert, told Sputnik India that the lion's share of allocation to defence in the overall budget clearly showed that the Indian government is "well cognizant of the fact that the combat preparedness of India has to be kept at an all-time high".
Significantly, New Delhi has created a $12 billion corpus fund to encourage "deep technology" research, which includes developing military fusion technologies in the domain of Artificial Intelligence (AI).

"As stated by President Vladimir Putin in 2017, the country which controls Artificial Intelligence will control the world. So, the emphasis being laid on these technologies is a step in the right direction" the expert said.

Immediate Priorities of Indian Forces

Sodhi spelled out the priorities of the Indian Navy, Indian Air Force (IAF) and the Indian Army, as evidenced from budgetary estimates.
As far as Navy is concerned, the veteran reckoned that there was a need to increase the number of warships in the Navy.
"We need to increase the number of warships with the Navy as sea will play an important role in geopolitics of the region. India should actively work towards developing and inducting a third aircraft carrier in a shorter time frame to project force across the region and towards becoming a blue water navy," Sodhi remarked.
Importantly, the defence ministry has highlighted that investments in Indian ship-building sector have risen by 82 percent year-on-year and major state-of-the art naval platforms could be inducted in coming months.

With regards to the IAF, Sodhi said that the pressing need was to ensure that New Delhi possessed 42 fully-functional squadrons as compared 29.5 at present.

The defence ministry has said that the "planned modernisation" of IAF's Sukhoi-30 fighter jet fleet and acquisition of advanced engines for India's Mig-29 jets would be funded from this year's allocation.

Sodhi said that as far as the Army was concerned, there was a need to upgrade the personal weapons held by the infantry.

He noted that most of the Indian infantry were operating INSAS (Indian Small Arms System) rifles, which needed to be replaced by the Kalashnikov AK-203 assault rifles.

The AK-203 rifles are being manufactured in India using Russian technology under a transfer of technology pact.
© Photo : RosoboronexportAssault Rifle AK-203
Assault Rifle  AK-203  - Sputnik India, 1920, 02.02.2024
Assault Rifle AK-203

External Security Environment Dictates to "Continue Upgrading" Military Capabilities, Ex-Envoy Says

"Defence and security of the country is a primary concern of the Indian government which is clearly reflected in the higher defence budget allocations," Ambassador Anil Trigunayat, New Delhi's former envoy to Jordan, Libya and Malta told Sputnik India.

"India has to keep pace with technological advancements and equipment to defend her territorial integrity and sovereignty," he added.

He also highlighted that the interim defence budget presented by Prime Minister Narendra Modi's government also laid a great thrust on indigenisation of the defence industry, in line with the government's policy of 'Make in India'.
Last year, India’s defence exports hit a record high of $1.93 billion, as New Delhi develops its own manufacturing capabilities to wean off foreign imports.
"India in recent times has become a reliable security partner for many countries as well as first responder during the natural and man-made disaster situations," Trigunayat concluded.
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