Science & Tech

Southern Hemisphere Gradually Drying Out: Report

© iStock.com / RomoloTavaniAfrica, elements of this image furnished by NASA
Africa, elements of this image furnished by NASA - Sputnik India, 1920, 03.11.2023
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A new study (2001-2020) found that throughout the past 20 years, the Southern Hemisphere has been drying out more than the Northern Hemisphere.
The Southern Hemisphere has been drying out more than the Northern Hemisphere throughout the last 20 years (2001-2020), according to a new study on freshwater released on Wednesday in Science Magazine. The primary reason, according to the authors, could be the periodic warmer-than-normal ocean water in the eastern Pacific known as El Niño.

The scientists' capacity to estimate and compute variations in water availability is made possible by the data gathered from satellites and observations of river and stream flows. The net amount of water that is missing from the landscape due to general evaporation or plant-induced leaf evaporation and the amount of water, i.e., supplied by rainfall on land is known as water availability.

With the exception of Antarctica, the Southern Hemisphere only makes up about 25% of the world's geographical area, however, it appears to have a much bigger impact on the availability of water globally than the Northern Hemisphere.

According to the new data, the availability of water has significantly decreased in central and northwest Australia, most of Africa, and South America. There will be more water accessible in some places, though, including the southern portion of South America.

The Amazon rainforest, which is located in South America, is home to several Indigenous tribes and serves as a vital worldwide habitat for various species. It also plays a significant role in regulating the climate.

Another major problem in most of Africa is drying out due to few resources available to mitigate and adapt, this vast continent is home to a wide variety of climate zones and socioeconomic disparities.

Meanwhile, the drying of central Australia affects the weather and climate of coastal regions, which are home to the majority of Australia's main cities and people. The southwest and southeast of the nation are also seeing drying trends, which are having an impact on human health, particularly in urban areas, and causing habitat stress and change, wildfires, and reduced river levels.
Dead birds are collected along the coast in the Vadso municipality of Finnmark in Norway following a major outbreak of bird flu on July 20, 2023. - Sputnik India, 1920, 25.10.2023
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